In order to investigate the influening factors of organic modification procedure and find out connections between organic modification and the properties of bentonite greases, organic montmorillonite(OMMT) thickeners with different surfactant dosages and constituents were synthesized through intercalation reaction between sodium montmorillonite(NaM MT) and quaternary ammonium surfactants in aqueous solvents. The lubricating greases were prepared with the resulting organoclays, while the penetration and oil separation of lubricating greases were evaluated, respectively. The surface modification process of montmorillonite(MMT) was analyzed and the thickening mechanism of OMMT was discussed in this study. The experimental results showed that, with an increasing amount of surfactant, the basal spacing between the clay platelets was increasing and the structure of modifier molecules layer in the interlayer was changing from lateral bilayer to paraffin-type bilayer. The optimal properties of lubricating greases were achieved, when the structure of surfactant molecules loaded in the interlayer was the paraffin-type monolayer, which meant that the dosage of modifier was equal to 120—140 mmol/(100g). Meanwhile, it was found that the thickening performance, colloid stability, anti-wear and friction-reducing performance of lubricating greases were improved, when the surfactants were mixed with octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(OTAC) and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(HTAC). And the optimum mole ratio of two surfactants is was 1:1.
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