软件无线电技术在航天测控应答机中的应用

摘要

TT&C transponder is core part of spacecraft C&T subsystem and it can finish the tasks of measuring range&velocity of a spacecraft, transmitting telecommand&telemetry information, etc. in cooperation with ground TT&C network. TT&C transponders in different spacecraft C&T subsystems have various operating frequency, operating bandwidth, bit rate, modulation system, coding system and ranging system. Universalization and miniaturization of TT&C transponders can be realized by taking advantage of software reconfiguration, reprogramming and multi-band multi-mode characteristics of software defined radio (SDR) technology. This article introduced application methods and research progress of SDR technology in TT&C transponders. Radiation resistant design of SDR TT&C transponders is also described. Final y the article introduced the application prospect of autonomous radio technology in future deep space TT&C transponders.%测控应答机是航天器测控通信分系统的核心组成部分，配合地面测控网完成对航天器的测距测速，以及传输遥控、遥测等信息的任务。各类航天器测控通信分系统所采用的测控应答机，其工作频率、工作带宽、码速率、调制体制、编码体制和测距体制各不相同。采用软件无线电技术，利用软件可重配置、可重编程以及多频带多模式的特点，可实现测控应答机的通用化和小型化。本文介绍了软件无线电技术在测控应答机中的应用方法及研究进展，介绍了软件无线电应答机的抗辐照设计，最后介绍了自主无线电技术在未来深空探测应答机中的应用前景。