Objective To develop portable clinical negative-pressure isolation transport capsule for the evacuation of infectious disease patients. Methods An isolated capsule which could be assembled rapidly was designed with using negative-pressure isolation principle. The capsule had its blowing filtration module made from the high-efficiency air filtrator, device of generating negative pressure and monitoring alarm of pressure and electric quantity. Based on the multiphase flow model turbulence model, carried out the air flow simulation test and designed the high efficiency exhaust filter module. Results The capluse had the filtration efficiency more than 99.99% against 0.3 μm biological aerosol particles, and took less than 2 min to form negative-pressure difference not less than 15 Pa. It could real-time monitor the pressure and electric quantity. It could prevent the further spread of pathogens, and provided effective protection for accompanying medical staff and the surrounding environment. Conclusion The capsule behaves well in filtration, setup negative pressure quickly and operates conveniently. It can be used for the evacuation and treatment of infectious disease patients.%目的 研发便携式医用负压隔离舱,满足传染病现场的应急防控病员的转运需求.方法 基于负压隔离原理,设计便携式可快速安装的密闭舱体,综合集成高效空气过滤器、负压生成装置、压力电量监测报警装置于一体,运用基于多相流模型湍流模型进行舱内气流模拟测试,设计高效排风过滤模块.结果 便携式防传染医用负压隔离舱对0.3 μm生物气溶胶的过滤效率大于99.99%,在2 min内建立不小于15 Pa的负压差,舱内压力、电量可实时监控,可防止病原体的进一步扩散,对随行医护人员及周围环境提供有效保护.结论 便携式医用负压隔离舱微粒过滤效率高,负压差建立快速稳定可靠,舱内作业快捷方便,能够满足传染病员的隔离转运需求.
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