新型微创腰骶椎内固定系统的材料力学研究

摘要

Objective To research the biomechanical characteristics of the new designed device that were in the mechanics of materials. Methods Set up the finite element model of the device, and for the boundary conditions of materials (stainless steel) and load conditions (physiological or extreme loads), study its combined intensity and distribution of load under different combinations of the boundary conditions, by finite element analysis. Results Under the physiological and extreme load states of the lumbosacral vertebrae, the maximum pressure bear by the device was 489MPa, the data was less than the yield strength of cold rolling and cold forging conditions of stainless steel (792MPa and 1213MPa), so made with this two kinds of processing conditions for manufactur-ing stainless steel material, the device both met the requirement of strength, and the characteristics in mechanical function were basically identical. Conclusion The new fixation device has met the designing requirements in the mechanics of materials, and was fit to be applied in the clinical treatment.%目的：研究新式微创经骶骨前入路腰骶椎内固定系统在材料力学方面的生物力学特点。方法对新式微创腰骶椎中轴固定螺钉进行有限元建模，并以材料（不锈钢）和负荷状态（生理负荷或极限负荷）为边界条件，通过有限元分析，研究其在不同边界条件组合下的载荷强度和分布状况。结果在人体腰骶椎生理和极限两种负荷状态下，中轴固定螺钉所承受的最大压强值为489MPa，此数据小于冷轧加工和冷锻条件下不锈钢的屈服强度（792MPa和1213MPa），说明以这两种加工条件所制造的不锈钢为制造材料，新式微创内固定系统均可达到强度要求，而且机械性能特点基本相同。结论新式微创经骶骨前入路腰骶椎内固定系统在材料力学方面达到了设计要求，适合临床应用。