负面清单在医疗废物监督管理中的应用

摘要

目的：为加强医疗卫生机构的医疗废物监管，帮助管理相对人掌握医疗废物管理的法规要求，增强依法处置医疗废物的主观能动性，防范医疗废物违规行为的发生，设计了医疗废物管理负面清单并应用于卫生监督工作中。方法根据《医疗废物管理条例》等法律法规，罗列出医疗废物管理中的禁止行为即违法行为、处罚依据和处罚标准，制成一目了然的负面清单表格，帮助管理相对人准确掌握医疗废物处置的底线要求，从而减少医疗废物违规行为的发生。结果医疗废物管理负面清单实施一年以来，医疗废物违规行为明显减少，且未发生一起因不知晓医疗废物处置规定而导致的违规行为。医疗机构工作人员医疗废物管理法律法规随机抽考满分率为100%。同时，由于医疗废物卫生监督指导实用有效，卫生执法中与管理相对人之间的关系更为融洽，且营造了很好的社会监督氛围。结论医疗废物管理负面清单为医疗废物监督管理探索出了一条简便有效的途径，是一个实用工具。通过帮助管理相对人和社会公众轻松掌握医疗废物管理的法律要求，从而减少医疗废物违规行为的发生，共同维护全社会的生命健康安全。%Objective To design the medical waste management negative list and apply it to the health supervision work in order to enhance the medical waste supervision in the medical health institutions, help the management relative people mas-ter the regulations of medical waste management, enhance the subjective initiative of handling the medical waste according to laws and prevent the occurrence of medical waste illegal behaviors. Methods The forbidding behaviors namely illegal be-havior, punishment basis and punishment standards in the medical waste management were listed according to the regula-tions such as medical waste management regulations, and the clear negative list excel was made to help the management relative people master the baseline of medical waste handling, thus reducing the occurrence of illegal behaviors of medical waste. Results After 1-year implementation of medical waste management negative lists, the medical waste illegal behavior obviously decreased, and there was no illegal behavior caused by medical waste handling, and the full mark rate of random test of medical waste management regulations of medical work staff was 100%, meanwhile, the harmonious relationship be-tween the health tipstaff and management relative people created a good social supervision atmosphere due to the practical and effective medical waste health supervision. Conclusion The medical waste management negative list explores a conve-nient and effective way for medical waste supervision management as a practical tool, and it reduces the occurrence of medical waste illegal behaviors and maintains the life health safety of the whole society by helping the management relative people and social public easily master the law requirements of medical waste management.