构建了一套能够反映陆海双重特征及其空间分异性的海岛生态系统承载力评估模型,以庙岛群岛南部岛群为研究区开展应用.结果显示:研究区生态系统总体上处于轻度超载状态,其中岛陆子系统为轻度超载,环岛近海子系统为临界超载.不同海岛中,南长山岛、北长山岛和庙岛为轻度超载,小黑山岛和大黑山岛为临界超载,其他5个海岛为可载.空间分布上,海岛生态系统承载力表现出了显著的异质性特征,不同承载力等级分区面积由大到小依次为临界超载区、轻度超载区、可载区、中度超载区和重度超载区.控制建设规模、优化开发布局、改进利用方式以及开展合理的生态建设,是提升海岛生态系统承载力的重要途径.%An evaluation model of island ecosystem carrying capacity which can reflect the dual characteristics of land and surrounding waters and their spatial heterogeneities was established, and southern Miaodao Archipelago was used as the study area. The island ecosystem was in status of mild overloading as a whole, with land sub-ecosystem in status of mild overloading, and surrounding waters sub-ecosystem in status of critical overloading. In island scale, Nanchangshan Island, Beichangshan Island and Miao Island were in status of mild overloading, Xiaoheishan Island and Daheishan Island were in status of critical overloading, and other 5islands were in status of no overloading. In grid scale, the island ecosystem carrying capacity had a significant spatial heterogeneity, and the different carrying capacity degree zones were critical overloading zones, mild overloading zones, no overloading zones, moderate overloading zones and severe overloading zones in descending order of areas. Control of exploitation scale, optimization of development allocation, improvement of exploitation methods, and reasonable ecological construction were the important measures to enhance the island ecosystem carrying capacity.
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