新型低成本耐老化聚氨酯弹性体的研究

摘要

以酯基间有2～6个碳原子的聚酯二元醇(CMA-24、CMA-44、CMA-254、CMA-66)、甲苯二异氰酸酯和扩链剂3,5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺(DMTDA)为原材料,通过预聚体法制备了一种耐水解聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体.探讨了水解稳定剂、防酶剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂等助剂对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响,测定了耐水解聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐海水性能.结果表明,通过添加适量的水解稳定剂、防霉剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂可大幅度提高聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐紫外线老化性能,特别是耐海水性能较传统的聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体提高了5倍以上.%Wet and heat ageing resistance(PU) polyurethane elastomer was synthesized from polyester polyol with six atoms of carbon within the ester group,2,4-tolylene diisocyanate(TDI)and chain extender(DMTDA) by prepolymerizing,with adding hydrolytic stabilizers,etc.The effects of the hydrolytic stabilizers,antifungal agents,ultraviolet stabilizers and anti-oxidant on the properties of the PUR elastomer were discussed.Its properties of resistance to humidity & heat,ultraviolet radiation and sea water were determinated.The results showed that,the PUR elastomer's properties of resistance to humidity & heat and ultraviolet radiation were greatly enhanced by adding the appropriate amount of hydrolytic stabilizers,antifungal agents,ultraviolet stabilizers and anti-oxidant.Especially the PUR elastomer's property of resistance to sea water was 2 times more than the traditional elastomer.