断层破碎区煤岩体失稳机制与协同控制技术研究

摘要

以清水营煤矿复杂煤层工作面穿越断层区域为工程背景,对断层区煤岩结构失稳机制进行研究,给出了断层挤压冒顶的判断条件,确定了"内部耦合+外部约束"的协同控制方法.内部控制采取了锚杆与注浆控制结构,提高支护结构与煤岩体相互作用和适应能力;外部控制方法采取架棚铰顶、开采工艺装备优化调整等.应用实践表明,断层区煤岩体内外部控制方案在提高煤岩体自身强度的基础上加强了煤岩体抵抗变形的外部约束,减少了煤岩体灾变概率,实现了断层区冒落煤层的压缩与支撑协同、煤岩体下沉变形、破坏、失稳致灾过程受限与过程可控,从源头上实现了减灾与安全开采.%Taking the complex coal face passing through the fault area in Qingshuiying Coal Mine as engineering background, instability mechanism of coal and rock structure in fault zone was studied,which gave the judgement condition of the fault extru-sion and roof fall,and determined the cooperative control method of internal coupling and external restraint.The internal control method took the anchor and grouting control structure to improve the support structure and the coal-rock interaction and adapta-bility;external control method took shelter roof and mining technology and equipment optimization and adjustment.The practical applioation showed that the internal and external control method strengthened the external constraints of resisting deformation based on improving the strength of coal and rock mass,reduced the probability of disaster,realized the compression and support collaboration of caving coal seam in fault zone and the process limitation and controlled of subsidence deformation,damage,unsta-bility hazard of coal and rock,so that achieved disaster prevention and safety mining from the source.