家养动物拷贝数变异的研究进展

摘要

Copy number variation (CNV) variation likely to playing an important role has recently gained considerable interest as a source of genetic in researching phenotypic diversity and evolution. CNV is a DNA segment ranging from Kb to Mb. Much effort has been made in the identification and mapping of regions varying in copy numbers among normal individuals in human and a number of model organisms, using bioinformatics or hybridization based methods. The further researches have found that copy number variation is associated with mechanism of disease. In this paper, current progress of cows, pigs, sheep and chickens are reviewed in copy number variation,and the foregrounds of the research in livestock and poultry are prospected.%拷贝数变异（copy number variation，CNV）作为遗传变异的一种新能源在表型差异和物种进化中起着重要作用，引起了研究者的广泛兴趣。拷贝数变异是指大小在kb到Mb范围内的DNA片段的多态。人类对于正常个体和许多模式动物的CNV已经做过很多的研究工作，并通过生物信息和杂交的方法确定了cNV的区域，进一步研究发现拷贝数变异还与某些哺乳动物的致病机理有着密切的联系。本文主要内容是对拷贝数变异在牛，猪，羊，鸡中的研究进展进行综述，并对其在畜禽选种育种中的应用前景进行展望。