降水典型的国家历史文化名城地区城市形态比较研究

摘要

This article provide a comparative morphology study of precipitation typical national history city regions, the research carried out from two aspects: from a historical dimension to examine the relationship between the morphology and the establishment of these city regions;and from the natural dimension to examine the relationship between the morphology and the precipitation of these city regions. the main conclusion include: space intensive are the main features of the above city regions, formed earlier Suzhou and Beijing are the most developed city system, precipitation less Turpan and Kashi are the most undeveloped city system, and the most studied precipitation typical national history city regions in this research belongs to the“Primacy Dominant City System”, except that the Turpan and Kashi city regions are similar to the“Rank-Size City System”.%比较研究降水典型的国家历史文化名城地区城市形态，选取的城市形态要素是城市群体平面形态，研究首先确定了降水丰富-温和（RM）最为典型的城市宁波和苏州、降水丰富-极端（RE）最为典型的城市澳门和桂林、降水稀缺-温和（SM）最为典型的城市吐鲁番和喀什以及降水稀缺-极端（RE）最为典型的城市天津和北京作为研究对象。在此基础之上，研究将从两个方面展开：从历史的维度考察这些城市地区城市群体平面形态与建制的关系；从自然的维度考察这些城市地区城市群体平面形态与降水的关系，得出的主要结论是：空间的集约性是上述国家历史文化名城地区城市群体平面形态的主要特征；建制较早的苏州和北京是城镇体系最为发育的城市地区，而降水稀缺的吐鲁番及喀什则是城镇体系发育不充分的城市地区；降水典型的国家历史文化名城地区绝大部分属于首位城市体系，只有吐鲁番及喀什城市地区属于位序-规模体系；从城市群体来看，建制较早的城市地区建成区面积较大，但对城市个体而言则不尽然。