随着我国各大油田陆续进入开发后期,可供开采的常规油气藏资源越来越少,提高采收率的研究越来越受到重视.气体泡沫驱作为一种有效提高采收率的方式,广泛应用于我国各大油田,在现场应用中发挥了堵塞缝隙、降低出水率、提高采收率的作用.介绍了氮气泡沫驱、二氧化碳泡沫驱、空气泡沫驱在国内外的最新研究进展和现场应用情况,对3种泡沫驱进行了比较;讨论了表面活性剂作为发泡剂对提高油藏采收率的作用和影响.分析了3种泡沫驱油方式的优缺点和适应性,并对未来发展提出建议,认为我国的泡沫驱油技术还未成熟,要针对气体-泡沫注入方式以及注入时机等进行更深层次的研究,同时还要研发发泡剂和稳泡剂的配方,降低成本.%Along with many oil fields in our country entering the later stage of exploitation, the conventional oil and gas reservoirs that is available to exploit is on the decrease, so that the study for enhancing oil recovery is getting more and more attention.As an effective method for enhancing oil recovery, foam flooding is widely applied in many oil fields in our country, and plays roles of blocking gap, reducing the effluent and increasing the oil recovery.The recent research progress and field application status of foam flooding at home and abroad are presented and compared including nitrogen foam displacement, carbon dioxide foam flooding and air foam flooding, and the function and influence of surfactant used as foaming agent for enhancing oil recovery is discussed.The merit, demerit and adaptability of the three kinds of foam flooding methods are analyzed, and the proposals for future development are put forward.It is thought that foam flooding technology in our country is immature, and it is necessary to carry through deeper study aiming at gas-foam injection mode and time, and develop the new formula of foam agent and foam stabilizer to reduce the cost.
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