基于风险评价的压力管道检验技术研究进展与评价

摘要

阐述了风险评价理论及其在压力管道检验中的作用,详细介绍了国内外基于风险评价的压力管道检验技术的发展历程、研究进展和工业应用.总结和比较了用于风险评价的定性法、半定量法和定量法等3种主要方法,指出定性法具有简易直观的优点,但是由于依据经验,具有较大的局限性;定量法由于基于大量数据,具有准确可靠的优点,但需要耗费大量的人力物力;目前国内外普遍采用的半定量评价法存在主观性较强、需要收集数据等缺点,不适合在中小企业检验应用.根据我国国情,提出将基于风险评价的压力管道检验技术应用于压力管道检验中,使其更具有科学性和经济性,是今后压力管道检验工作的一个重点研究方向.%The risk evaluation theory and its application in the pressure pipeline inspection are presented,and the development history,research progress and industrial application of pressure pipeline inspection based on risk evaluation at home and abroad are expounded.The three kinds of methods for risk evaluation,including qualitative method,semi-quantitative method and quantitative method,are summarized and compared.It is pointed out that qualitative method has advantages of simple and visual,and also has certain limitations because the method is based on experience.Quantitative method has advantages of accuracy and reliable because it is based on large quantities of data,but needs to consume a good deal of man power and material resources.Semi-quantitative method is in general use at home and abroad currently,but has disadvantages of strong subjectivity and the need to collect data,which is not suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises to test and apply.According to our national conditions,it is pointed out that the focused research direction of pressure pipeline inspection is to apply risk evaluation technology and make it more scientific and economic.