玄武岩纤维聚合物复合材料的研究进展

摘要

玄武岩纤维的综合性能优异,是聚合物复合材料的理想增强体,在高强度、耐高温、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐烧蚀和耐摩擦等特殊领域展示了良好的应用前景。本文对玄武岩纤维聚合物基复合材料研究中的纤维与基体的界面改性、不同聚合物基体的复合材料以及玄武岩纤维与其它纤维的混杂三个方面进行了综述。目前对于玄武岩纤维界面性质的基础研究深度不足,有些复合材料的研究和制备方法还没有应用于玄武岩纤维上,使得玄武岩纤维复合材料的优势还没有得到充分的发挥。因此,应结合玄武岩纤维及其复合材料的特性,开发适用性强的和性价比好的产品,扩大应用范围。%Basalt fiber is an ideal reinforcing material for polymer composite and shows good prospect in high-strength,high temperature,alkali/acid resistance,ablation resistance,abrasion resistance,and other special areas.In this paper,three aspects of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites are reviewed,including interfacial modification between fiber and polymer,the composite based on different polymer matrix and the basalt fiber hybrid with other fibers.At present,the basic research for the interfacial properties of basalt fiber is not adequate.The research and preparation methods of other composites have not yet been applied to basalt fiber,which made the advantages of basalt fiber composites not fully expressed.It is necessary to develop applicable and cost-effective products and expand its application scope based on the characteristic of basalt fiber and its composites.