Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),which belongs to the colony-stimulating factor(CSF)superfamily and was originally identified as a hemopoietic growth factor,is mainly produced by lymphocytes and innate lymphoid cells.Nonhematopoietic cell populations such as fibroblasts,endothelial cells,and epithelial cells may also secrete GM-CSF in response to an activating stimulus.
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