The link between the differentiation of effector T lymphocytes and metabolism has become an important area of research.The role played by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR (mammalian target ofrapamycin)pathway in this process was recently emphasized by Lucas et al.1 who reported a series of primary immunodeficiency patients with three different germ-line,gain-of-function mutations of the p110δ subunit of PI3K.The patients consistently presented a deficiency in naive T lymphocytes and an accumulation of highly differentiated effector T cells.
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