Currently, T cells dedicated to mediating immunosuppression andhomeostasis are called regulatory T (Treg) cells.Treg cells are closely associated with infection, allergy, autoimmunity, tumor immunity, fetal-maternal tolerance, and organ transplantation.Treg cells exert their immunosuppressive functions by directly killing or inhibiting T cells and antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells) and by producing suppressive cytokines such as TGF-β, IL-10, IL-35, and galectin-1.However, the classification and phenotypes of Treg cell subsetsremain largely unclear.
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