广西岩溶峰林区地下水赋存特征及钻探成井模式

摘要

Based on drilling well data for fight against drought recent years in karst peak forest areas of Guangxi,this work analyzed the relations between hydrogeologic conditions and drilling wells.The results show that structure,lithology and karst development horizons are the main control factors for drilling wells. The water-bearing structures such as fault fracture zones,synclines or anticlines and contact zones between aquifers and relative water-resisting layers are favorable drilling sites to find groundwater.The carboniferous strata (C1 ,C2 )and the upper Devonian system strata (D3 )are the main drilling formations,occupying 55.24% of the total number of wells with the mean water yield of 261 m3 ·d-1 for each single well.Ground-water extraction depth is 37.67 m on average.Through the analysis of the occurrence characteristics and law of karst waters,six types of drilling well models are suggested.Meanwhile several common landform fea-tures are considered as marks for water search.%通过梳理广西岩溶峰林区近年来抗旱找水成井的钻孔资料,分析水文地质条件与成井的关系,结果表明:构造、岩性和岩溶发育层位是控制钻孔是否成井的主要因素.断层破碎带、向(背)斜以及含水层和相对隔水层的接触带等蓄水构造为有利的成井位置;石炭系地层(C1、C2)和上泥盆系地层(D3)为主要的成井地层,占成井总数的55.24%,平均单井出水量为261 m3·d-1,平均开采深度为37.67 m.通过对区内的岩溶水赋存特征及规律分析总结,归纳成6种钻探成井模式:压扭性断裂旁侧富水模式、相对隔水岩层阻水模式、挡水墙阻水模式、圈团褶皱蓄水构造模式、向/背斜轴部富水模式、自垩系红层盘地找水模式,并提出了几种常见的地形地貌特征找水标识.