新疆艾比湖湿地博乐河入湖口古菌多样性分析

摘要

旨为了解艾比湖湿地土壤中古菌的多样性及其群落结构组成。以艾比湖湿地博乐河入口土壤为样本，首次利用古菌特异性16S rDNA 引物构建克隆文库。使用限制性内切酶 Afa Ⅰ和 Msp Ⅰ对目的片段进行酶切分型（amplified rDNA restraction analysis，ARDRA），每种谱型随机选取若干阳性克隆子进行测序，序列比对构建古菌16S rDNA 系统进化树。结果显示，测序得到的117条序列划分为61个 OTUs，通过序列比对及系统发育分析归类为广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）和奇古菌门（Thaumarchaeota）两大门类。广古菌门的盐杆菌科（Halobacteriaceae）为第一优势菌群，包括盐微菌属（Halomicrobium）、盐碱球菌属（Natronococcus）、盐碱团菌属（Halalkalicoccus）等10个属，共48个 OTU（78.7%），阳性克隆子77个（63.6%）。艾比湖湿地博乐河入口土壤古菌多样性丰富并存在大量的潜在新种。%This study is to investigate the diversity and community composition of archaea in the soil of Ebinur Lake Wetland. The clone library was constructed for the first time using the specific 16S rDNA primers of archaea with the samples of soil from the entrance of Bole River in Ebinur Lake Wetland. The targeted fragments were typed by amplified rDNA restriction analysis(ARDRA)using restriction endonuclease Afa I and Msp I. Positive clones randomly chosen from every spectral type were sequenced,and the phylogenetic tree of archaea 16S rDNA was constructed by sequence alignment. The results showed that 117 sequences gained from sequencing were classified into 61 operational taxonomic units(OTUs). By aligning the sequences and phylogenetic analysis,they were classified into 2 divisions of Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota. Halobacteriaceae of Euryarchaeota was the most dominant family including 10 genera such as Halomicrobium, Natronococcus,Halalkalicoccus etc.,which contained 48 OTUs(78.7%)and 77 positive clones(63.6%). Conclusively,the diversity of archaea is abundant in the soil from the entrance of Bole River in Ebinur Lake Wetland and there should be a plentiful new unknown taxon in this environment.