高浓度CO2下植物内源激素响应机制研究进展

摘要

随着工业化的不断发展,特别是化石燃料的使用迅速增加,大气CO2浓度随之不断上升.CO2浓度的不断升高会很大程度的影响植物生长发育,而植物体内各种激素之间的相互协调是调节植物生长发育的重要途径.因此,研究大气CO2浓度升高后植物内源激素含量的变化及内在响应机制将有重大的意义及发展前景.现阶段,对于高CO2浓度下植物根系形态、生长发育等研究的比较广泛,但与植物内源激素相结合的研究还甚少.回顾了其他学者的研究成果,研究发现大气CO2浓度升高能够加速净同化率,改善净光合,同时积累生长促进激素,减少生长抑制激素,从而调节同化物的分配,促进植物生长.并综述了植物的内源激素,包括生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)、细胞分裂素(CK)和乙烯(ET)对CO2浓度升高的响应,分析了CO2对于相关激素合成和信号转导途径中基因表达的影响,包括不同植物内源激素含量变化及其内在响应机制的研究进展,并展望本领域中有待深入的研究方向.%With the development of industrialization,especially the rapidly increasing use of fossil fuels,the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is rising.The continuous increase of CO2 concentration will impact the growth and development of plants largely,and the coordination of various hormones in plants is key to regulate plant growth and development.Therefore,it is significant and promising to study the change of endogenous hormone content and the intrinsic response mechanism of plant after elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration.At this stage,the research on plant root morphology,growth and development under high CO2 concentration is widespread,but few studies have been done with plant endogenous hormones.This paper reviewed the research achievements of other scholars,and found that elevated CO2 accelerated the net assimilation rate,improved the net photosynthesis,concurrently accumulated growth-promoting hormones,reduced the growth-inhibiting hormone,which subsequently regulated the allocation of assimilates and promoted the growth of plants.The paper also summarized the effects of elevated CO2 concentration on IAA,GA3,ABA,CK and ET,and analyzed the effects of CO2 on related hormone synthesis and gene expression of signal transduction pathway,including the changes of the contents and the internal mechanism of the endogenous hormones in different plants.The future research directions in this field were also discussed.