微网——未来能源互联网系统中的“有机细胞”

摘要

从微网与能源互联网系统在内涵上互相渗透、联系的视角,梳理了二者发展现状和典型特征.进一步从位置本地性、源荷多元性、结构多样性、运行灵活性、整体可控性、电网交互性等六方面分析了微网在未来能源互联网系统中的“有机细胞”作用,包括改善电能质量,提高电网可靠性与弹性,增加不同区域之间能量的协调调度,增加负荷的主动调控能力,承载信息双向流动,提高能源总体利用效率等;总结了微网互联构成能源互联网系统可能的几种典型形式.最后对未来支撑能源互联网系统发展的微网关键技术与设备进行了评述和展望.%The state-of-the-art and typical characteristics of the energy interconnection system (EIS) and microgrid are reviewed from the interpenetration and interrelation perspective of the two systems.Six "cell" functions of microgrids to facilitate the future EIS,namely,improving power quality,enhancing reliability and resilience,coordinating energy dispatch among different areas,achieving load active control and bidirectional information flow,and promoting resources utilization efficiency,are further analyzed from the six features of microgrid including deployment localization,source/load diversification,structural diversity,operational flexibility,controllability,and interactivity.In addition,several typical microgrid interconnection types are presented.Finally,key technologies and equipment to promote EIS development in the future are presented and predicted.