多机组核电厂总体风险的一级 PSA 方法研究

摘要

After the Fukushima nuclear accident ,more and more attentions were paid to the integrated risk of multi-unit nuclear power plant (NPP) ,while there is no any methodology or guideline ,at home or abroad on assessing the integrated risk of multi-unit NPP sites . According to the general requirements for NPP sites by relevant regulations ,an exploration was developed to assess the integrated risk of the multi-unit site by extending the methodology of level-1 probabilistic safety assessment (PSA ) of the single-unit site .A two-unit site was employed as a demonstration to discuss some quantification issues of multi-unit sites ,with some insights on dependencies among the units and mathematical mechanisms . T he approach discussed in this paper is of important value for the research on PSA methods of multi-unit NPPs .%福岛核事故发生后，多机组核电厂的总体风险受到越来越多的关注，但国内外缺乏评价多机组核电厂总体风险的方法或导则。本文结合有关法规对核电厂的总体安全要求，探索将单机组的一级概率安全评价（PSA ）方法拓展为多机组的风险评价方法。以双机组核电厂为例，讨论了多机组厂址 PSA定量化的一些问题，提出了机组间相关性的一些见解，并阐明了数学原理。本文讨论的方法对研究多机组厂址PS A方法具有重要价值。