First Affiliated Hospital of USTC;
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale;
the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease;
School of Basic Medical Sciences;
Division of Life Sciences and Medicine;
CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science;
Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development;
University of Science and Technology of China;
Hefei 230027;
China;
cilia and flagella-associated proteins; male infertility; multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella; whole-exome sequencing;