Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant and acute toxicity of extracts obtained from a successive extraction with solvents of ascending polarity[hexane, hex; chloroform, CHCl3 and ethanol(Et OH)] of Ternstroemia sylvatica Schltdl.& Cham.Methods: The antioxidant potential was evaluated by 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assays and by determining the total phenolic content.The anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects were evaluated using the in vivo croton oil-induced ear edema, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced ear edema, carrageenaninduced paw edema, acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin murine models. The acute toxicity was tested using the Lorke's method in mice.Results: The Et OH extract was the most active for the antioxidant potential tests diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(68.70% inhibition), ferric reducing/antioxidant power[(2 431.30 ± 102.10) mmol Fe2+and total polyphenols content(215.80 ± 8.50) meq AG/g]. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by topical application of croton oil(2 mg/ear dose) where the Et OH extract showed the strongest activity compared to the control group(45.13% inhibition), whereas in the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate model,at the same dose, the CHCl3 extract showed the highest inhibition(42.88%). In the carrageenan induced edema model, the Et OH extract showed a stronger inhibition compared to indomethacin(56.34% and 50.70% at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg of extract, respectively) during the first hour. Similarly, the same extract showed the highest analgesic activity(30.60% inhibition) in the acetic acid contortion assay, and in the formalin test it showed a greater effect with respect to the control group in both phases.Conclusions: Our work confirms the value of Ternstroemia sylvatica as an important anti-inflammatory and analgesic plant, whose mechanism seems to be associated to its antioxidant effects, and supports its uses in the Mexican traditional medicine.
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