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美英无障碍法规发展与我国的比较研究及其启示

     

摘要

Accessible environment is security for vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the disabled to participate in social life, embodying the degree of civilization of society development. United States and United Kingdom are advanced countries in the world with long history of accessible design, whose laws and standards are relatively perfect, covering an extensive population, and have developed into the era of universal design or inclusive design, each with its own characteristics. Although accessible design was started late in new China, yet in just thirty years relevant laws and standards have made a great achievement, but there is stil a large gap between china and advanced countries in scientific research and civil consciousness. Summarizing the accessible design trends of USA&UK, and comparing their features to China, striving direction can be found to promote the accessibility construction for China, that are scientific research, devotion of civil organizations, public participation and implement of laws.%无障碍环境是老年人和残疾人等弱势群体参与社会生活的保障,体现着社会发展的文明程度。美、英是世界上无障碍设计历史较长、发展先进的国家,无障碍法规和标准体系完善,覆盖保障对象广泛,已发展至通用设计或包容性设计阶段,并具有各自特色。新中国的无障碍设计开展较晚,但短短三十年在无障碍法规建设方面也取得了不小成就,但科研和民间意识方面与先进国家仍有很大差距。总结美、英无障碍设计发展的趋势,将其特征与我国做以比较研究,可以得出我国无障碍设计事业的前进方向,即改善无障碍科研、残疾人组织作用、公众参与以及法规执行。

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