Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Resources and Geological Hazards Exploration;
Changsha 410083;
China;
Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring of Ministry of Education;
Central South University;
Changsha 410083;
China;
School of Geosciences and Info-Physics of Central South University;
Changsha 410083;
China;
School of College of Earth Sciences of Guilin University of Technology;
Guilin 541004;
China;
Undulated; surface; magnetic; fi; eld; gradient; tensor; 3D; forward; modeling; Gauss–; FFT; algorithm; wavenumber; domain;