目的 探讨心血管疾病住院患者的流行病学特征,为心血管疾病的预防和控制提出有效的预防措施.方法 收集安徽医科大学第一附属医院心血管内科2012~2014年收治的13939例心血管疾病患者病案资料进行回顾性分析,统计分析心血管疾病住院患者的年龄分布、性别构成和疾病分布规律.结果 13939例患者中,男性7709例(55.31%),女性6230例(44.69%).不同年份间男性病例数均多于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.07,P<0.05).发病年龄主要集中在40~79岁(83.5%),心血管疾病种类排在前2位的是冠状动脉粥样硬化心脏病7101例(50.94%)和高血压病1501例(10.77%).结论 2012~12014年心血管疾病病例数逐年增多,男性多于女性,发病年龄有年轻化趋势,冠状动脉粥样硬化心脏病和高血压病是主要发病种类.%Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases, so as to provide effective interventions for the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases. Methods The medical record data of 13939 patients with cardiovascular diseases, ever hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in 2012~2014, were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The age distribution, gender composition and disease classification of these inpatients with cardiovascular diseases were statistically analyzed. Results There were 7709 male cases (55. 31%) and 6230 female cases (44. 69%) in the 13939 patients, and in each year of 2012~2014, the male cases were all significantly more than the female cases (χ2 =17. 07;P<0. 05). The main onset age was 40~79 years old (83. 5%), and the top two classifications of cardiovascular diseases were coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (7101 cases, 50. 94%) and hypertension (1501 cases, 10. 77%). Conclusion In 2012 ~2014, the inpatients of cardiovascular diseases in-creased year by year, with the tendency of more male patients and younger patients, and coronary heart disease and hypertension were the main disease type. It would be more important to control the development of cardiovascular diseases by strengthen the three-stage prevention of coronary heart disease and hypertension in different age and gender groups.
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