Bt基因和Bt蛋白检测技术研究进展

摘要

BT protein is a kind of specific insecticidal activity of protein crystallization produced by bacillus. Through the transgenic technology, we switch Bt gene into the crops such as rice and soybean to cultivate a good resistance to insects breed, then without using pesticides and some other harmful substances, the plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented and cured efficiently. However, animal experiment and clinical study found that Bt protein may damage mammalian immune organs and immune cells, and may also influence the genetic structure of the gene pool and genetic diversity of the popula- tion. It also has serious influence on the soil specific organisms function, soil biodiversity, and the soil enzyme activity and so on. What' s more, Bt protein in transgenic rice may enrich in human bodies along the food chain and do potential harm to humans. Therefore, the research on detecting of Bt genc or protein is necessary. So, the research status of Bt gene and pro- tein are briefly reviewed in this paper.%通过转基因技术将可表达杀虫特性蛋白的Bt基因转入大豆、水稻等农作物中，培育出优良的抗虫品种，从而在不使用农药等有害物质的前提下，对病虫害起到高效防治作用。然而动物试验及临床研究发现，Bt蛋白可能导致哺乳动物的免疫器官和免疫细胞损伤，也可能影响基因库的遗传结构及群体遗传多样性，对土壤特异生物类群功能、土壤生物多样性以及土壤酶活性等也有不同程度的影响，且Bt蛋白有可能沿着食物链在人体内富集，对人体形成潜在的危害。因此，开展对Bt基因和Bt蛋白的监控研究是必要的，该文对Bt的相关研究现状作一简要综述。