过量浸水对基质块N、P、K流失及秧苗生长的影响

摘要

【目的]研究过量浸水对基质块N、P、K流失及秧苗生长的影响。【方法]设计让基质块吸水饱和膨胀后再多加其体积1／2的过量水，并设13个时间梯度用来研究一次性过量浸水与基质块N、P、K养分浸出、损失的回归关系，并种植西红柿研究基质块泡水后对植株养分吸收及生长的影响。[结果】3种养分在浸泡水中的浓度与时间都存在回归方程分别为：N=-2E-05t2＋0．0161t＋2．0553、P=-0．0022t＋2．2485及K=0．0047t＋0.8758。虽然3种养分都有损失，但氮损失总量与时间的回归方程方差分析差异不显著，这与其挥发性质有关，而P、K的回归方程为：P=0．1257t-0．117、K=O．0225t0.1514.这样造成植株地上部对N、K的吸收产生不利影响，回归方程分别为：N=20．64c-4E-0.4、K=E-06tz-0．0113t＋29．055。同时，在该试验条件下，过量浸水未对壮苗指数造成显著不利影响。[结论1为指导基质块浸水方式及其栽培管理和育苗提供理论依据，同时指导农业生产。%[Objective] The aim was to study on impacts of excessive soaking N, P, and K insubstrate plots of and seedling growth. [Method] Substrate was designed to add additional 1/2 water after saturation and expansion. Disposable excessive soak- ing and regression relation of nutrition infusion of substrate plots were studied by design of 13 time gradient. Plant nutrition absorption and growth effects after sub- strate plots immersed by water were investigated by growing tomato. [Result] Con- centration and time of the three nutrition immersed in water had the regression equation of each, as follows： N=-2E-05t2＋0.016 lt＋2.0553, P=0.002 2t＋2.248 5 and K=0.004 7t＋0.875 8. With nutrition loss of the three, however, loss amount was al- most same with variance analysis of regression equation, which may result from its volatilization. Regression equations of P and K were： P=0.125 7t-0.117, and K=0.022 5t.1514, which led to adverse impact on plant absorption of N and K above ground, whose equations were N=20.64e-4E-0.4t, and K=E-06t2-0.011 3t＋29.055. Meanwhile, un- der the condition, sound seedling index was not impacted a lot by excessive immer- sion. [Conclusion] This study has provided theoretical reference for guidance of sub- strate plot soaking method, cultivation and regulation, and breeding, as well as agri- cultural production.