水稻恢复系 R1056的耐热性鉴定及育种应用评价

摘要

该研究采用分期播种结合辅助加温温室设施对水稻恢复系 R1056及其杂交稻组合在开花期的高温耐性进行了鉴定，同时对R1056及其杂交稻组合的农艺性状进行了考察评价。结果表明，开花期在38℃高温处理下，R1056的结实率、花药开裂率和每朵颖花柱头上的花粉数分别为70.4%、75.5%和78，与耐高温对照品种 N22相当，显著高于高温敏感品种；R1056配制的杂交稻组合的高温结实率、花药开裂率和柱头上的花粉数介于R1056和高温敏感品种之间。R1056农艺性状优良，配合力好，其配制的杂交稻组合株高较矮、穗数多、产量高。R1056不仅是一个优异的耐高温水稻种质材料，而且还是一个优良的三系杂交水稻恢复系。%The tolerance of a restorer line R1056 of rice and its hybrid combinations to high temperature at flowering stage was evaluated by sowing them at three dif-ferent dates and transplanting them into a greenhouse equipped with heating system at flowering stage. Several important agronomic traits of these rice varieties or combinations were also measured. The results revealed that treated by high temper-ature (38 ℃) at flowering stage, the seed setting rate (70.4%), percentage of dehis-cent anthers (75.5%), and pol en number per floret (78) of R1056 were close to those of N22, which is tolerant to high temperature, and significantly higher than those of the rice varieties sensitive to high temperature. The seed setting rate, per-centage of dehiscent anthers, and pol en number per floret of the hybrid combina-tions generated from R1056 were smal er than those of R1056, but higher than those of the rice varieties sensitive to high temperature. R1056 had excel ent agro-nomic traits, and good combining ability, and its hybrid combinations had low plant height, numerous panicles and high yield, suggesting that R1056 is not only an ex-cel ent rice variety with tolerance to high temperature, but also an excel ent restorer in three-line hybrid rice breeding.