不同杏李品种光合特性差异分析

摘要

Objective] This study aimed to investigate the photosynthetic characteris-tics of different Prunus domestica × armeniaca cultivars, thereby providing some theoretical basis for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of P. domestica × armenia-ca. [Method] Total three cultivars (Konglongdan, Fengwei Huanghou and Weiwang) of P. domestica × armeniaca were selected as the test materials, and their leafpho-tosynthetic parameters were measured with Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The light response curve and CO2 response curve were drawn. [Result] There were significant differences in photosynthetic rate among the three cultivars of P. domesti-ca × armeniaca (P<0.01). The photosynthetic rate of Konglongdan [14.76 μmol/(m2·s)] was highest. When the light intensity reached 1 800 μmol/(m2·s), the maximum net photosynthetic rate of Konglongdan was up to 27.27 μmol/(m2·s), and its apparent quantum yield reached the peak. Konglongdan showed lower light compensation point [43.069 μmol/(m2·s)] and higher light saturation point [697.684 μmol/(m2·s)]. Weiwang showed the lowest CO2 compensation point (68.264 μmol/mol) and the highest carboxylic efficiency [0.072 μmol/(m2·s)]. [Conclusion] Konglongdan showed the highest light utilization efficiency and photosynthetic potential, and it had the strongest utilization ability for weak light. The utilization ability of Weiwang for low-concentration CO2 was strongest, fol owed by those of Fengwei Huanghou and Kon-glongdan.%[目的]探究不同杏李品种的光合能力，为丰产优质栽培提供理论依据。[方法]以3个杏李品种为试材，用 Li-6400型便携式光合作用测定系统，测定不同品种的叶片光合作用参数、光响应曲线和 CO2响应曲线。[结果]‘恐龙蛋’与‘风味皇后’、‘味王’的光合速率之间存在极显著差异，“恐龙蛋”的光合速率最高，达14.76μmol/(m2·s)。当光照强度达到1800μmol/(m2·s)时，‘恐龙蛋’净光合速率最大值达27.27μmol/(m2·s)，表观量子效率也最大。‘恐龙蛋’具有高光饱和点和低光补偿，光饱和点达697.684μmol/(m2·s)，光补偿点仅有43.069μmol/(m2·s)。‘味王’的 CO2补偿点最低，仅有68.264μmol/mol，羧化效率最高，达0.072μmol/(m2·s)。[结论]‘恐龙蛋’的光能利用效率和光合潜能最高，对弱光利用能力较强。‘味王’对低 CO2浓度利用率最高，‘风味皇后’和‘恐龙蛋’次之。