地埋滴灌对紫花苜蓿耗水、产量及水分生产率的影响

摘要

In order to explore the best irrigation volume and buried depth of drip irrigation tape of alfalfa using subsurface drip irrigation,in this paper,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation amount,buried depth of drip irrigation tape on alfalfa water consumption,yield and water productivity using subsurface drip irrigation.Three irrigation amount (volumes) (15.0 mm,22.5 mm,30.0 mm) and three buried depth of drip irrigation tape (10 cm,20 cm,30 cm) were considered in this experiment.The results showed that alfalfa water consumption,yield and water productivity using buried drip irrigation increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01) with the increase of irrigation amount,but first increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01) and then decreased (P ＜ 0.05) with the increase of the drip irrigation depth.Furthermore,during the whole growing period of alfalfa,the total water consumption was 400 to 500 mm,total yield (output) was 7 500 to 12 000 kg·hm-2,and water productivity was 1.80 to 2.50 kg·m-3.Hence an irrigation quota (amount) of 22.5 to 30.0 mm,irrigation cycle of 5 to 7 days using buried drip irrigation of alfalfa with the depth of 20 cm was recommended for subsurface drip irrigation of alfalfa.%为了探索地埋滴灌紫花苜蓿的最佳灌水量和滴灌带埋设深度,采用田间试验设置15.0、22.5 mm和30.0 mm三种灌水水平与10、20 cm和30 cm三种滴灌带埋设深度处理,研究灌水量、滴灌带埋深对紫花苜蓿耗水量、产量及水分生产率的影响.结果表明:地埋滴灌紫花苜蓿耗水量、产量和水分生产率均随灌水量的增加而显著增加(P＜0.01),均随滴灌带埋深的增加先增大(P＜0.01)后减小(P＜0.05);总生长季紫花苜蓿总耗水量为400～500 mm,总产量为7 500～ 12 000 kg·hm-2,水分生产率为1.80～2.50 kg·m-3.建议地埋滴灌紫花苜蓿采用滴灌带埋深为20 cm,灌水定额为22.5 ～ 30 mm,灌水周期5～7d的灌溉制度.