碳纤维增强SiC基复合材料(C/SiC)因具有耐高温、抗氧化、高比强和高比模等优点,被认为是代替高温合金作为热结构材料最有潜力的备选材料之一.由于碳纤维抗氧化性能差以及SiC基体在超高温烧蚀环境下氧化产物易挥发等问题,需要对C/SiC复合材料进行抗烧蚀改性.目前,针对C/SiC复合材料抗烧蚀改性的途径主要有优化碳纤维预制体结构和增加复合材料的致密度、采用超高温陶瓷改性SiC基体以及在复合材料表面制备抗烧蚀涂层.综述了国内关于C/SiC复合材料抗烧蚀改性的研究工作,同时提出了抗烧蚀改性制备工艺过程中面临的关键问题,为C/SiC复合材料抗烧蚀改性研究提供了思路.%Carbon fiber reinforced SiC matrix composites (C/SiC) are considered one of the most potential alterna-tive materials for high temperature alloy due to a series of advantages, such as the high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, high specific strength and high specific modulus, etc. However, the ablation resistance property of C/SiC com-posites should be modified because the oxidation of carbon fiber and the volatilization of SiC matrix oxidation products un-der the ablation environments. At present, the methods for improving ablation resistance property of the C/SiC composites mainly focus on optimizing the carbon fiber preform structure and enhancing the density for composites, modifying the SiC matrix with ultra high temperature ceramics and fabricating anti-ablative coatings at the surface of C/SiC composites. Sev-eral domestic research work of modified ablation resistance C/SiC composites were reviewed and summarized, and the key problems faced for the preparation process of modified C/SiC composites were also proposed at the same time, which could provide a train of thought for the modified C/SiC composites research.
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