基于组合分形特征的海杂波中目标检测方法

摘要

Using one of fractal characteristics to detect targets in sea clutter, it is often difficult to distinguish at low signal-to-clutter ratios.To solve this problem,a new method for target detection in sea clutter based on combined fractal characteristics is proposed.The detection process is divided into two sta-ges:rough detection and fine detection.When the fractal spectrum dimension characteristic of the detec-tion unit is obvious,in the rough detection stage, the corresponding processing is carried out to achieve the target existence decision.When the fractal spectrum dimension characteristic is not obvious,the frac-tal model fitting error and the fractal dimension change quantity are used as characteristic quantities,and the comprehensive fuzzy membership degree is adopted to carry out the fine target detection.Verified by X-band radar real data,the results show that the proposed method can greatly enhance the detection accu-racy of weak targets in sea clutter.%仅利用一种分形特征检测海杂波中目标时,在低信杂比时往往难以有效区分.为此,提出一种基于组合分形特征的海杂波中目标检测方法,将检测流程划分为粗检测和精检测两个阶段.当检测单元分形谱维数特征明显时,在粗检测阶段即判决目标存在;当分形谱维数特征不明显时,则以分形模型拟合误差和分维尺度变化量为特征量,利用综合模糊隶属度进行判决,实现目标精检测.经X波段雷达实测数据验证表明,所提检测方法可以较大幅度提升海杂波中弱小目标的检测准确度.