Climate Change Adaptation Planning for Biodiversity Conservation: A Review

摘要

Climate change has been linked to well-documented changes in physiology,phenology,species distributions,and in some cases,extinction.Projections of future change point to dramatic shifts in the states of many ecosystems.Accommodating these shifts to effectively conserve biodiversity in the context of uncertain climate regimes represents one of the most difficult challenges faced by conservation planners.A number of adaptation strategies have been proposed for managing species and ecosystems in a changing climate.However,there has been little guidance available on integrating climate change adaptation strategies into contemporary conservation planning frameworks.The paper reviews the different approaches being used to integrate climate change adaptation into conservation planning,broadly categorizing strategies as continuing and extending on "best practice" principles and those that integrate species vulnerability assessments into conservation planning.We describe the characteristics of a good adaptation strategy emphasizing the importance of incorporating clear principles of flexibility and efficiency,accounting for uncertainty,integrating human response to climate change and understanding trade-offs.