CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves;
Institute of Oceanology;
Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Qingdao 266071;
China;
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Beijing 100049;
China;
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences;
Fudan University;
Shanghai 200433;
China;
Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao);
Qingdao 266237;
China;
Center for Ocean Mega-Science;
Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Qingdao 266071;
China;
Kuroshio; large; meander; predictability; ROMS; optimal; initial; error; growth;