采用双喷静电纺丝法制备聚酰胺6(PA6)珠粒纤维/纳米纤维复合滤膜,研究珠粒纤维溶液质量分数和珠粒纤维/纳米纤维溶液质量比对滤膜形貌结构和过滤性能的影响,探讨过滤机制,开发出具有梯度结构的珠粒纤维/纳米纤维高效低阻空气过滤材料.结果表明,当制备珠粒纤维及纳米纤维的溶液质量分数分别为10％ 、18％,珠粒纤维/纳米纤维溶液质量比为3/7时,滤膜的过滤品质因子最高.在纳米纤维中加入恰当比例的珠粒纤维可以使滤膜变得蓬松,形成空间网状曲折微孔,在保证过滤效率的同时降低过滤阻力.进一步控制珠粒纤维/纳米纤维溶液质量比依次为2/8、3/7、4/6,叠加形成的梯度结构珠粒纤维/纳米纤维过滤材料的过滤效率和阻力压降可达99.1％ 和116 Pa.%The double-spraying electrospinning method was employed to prepare polyamide 6 (PA6) bead-on-string fiber/nanofiber membranes .The influence of the mass fraction of PA 6 bead-on-string fiber solution and the mass ratio of bead-on-string fiber/nanofiber solution on morphology and air filtration performance of the membranes was investigated .The filtration mechanism was analyzed . Finally , the gradient-structured bead-on-string/nanofiber filtration material with high-efficiency and low-resistance was developed . Results show that the bead-on-string fiber/nanofiber membrane exhibits the highest quality factor when the PA 6 mass fractions are 10％ and 18％ used to fabricate bead-on-string fiber and nanofiber ,respectively ,and the mass ratio of the bead-on-string fiber/nanofiber solution is 3/7 . Adding moderate bead-on-string fibers in nanofibers can make the membrane fluffy and form tortuous micropores .Therefore ,the resistance is reduced and the filtration efficiency keeps stable .By controlling the mass ratio of the bead-on-string fiber/nanofiber solution at 2/8 ,3/7 and 4/6 sequentially ,the gradient-structured bead-on-string fiber/nanofiber material can be prepared with the filtration efficiency of 99 .1％ and resistance pressure drop of 116 Pa.
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