无机纳米材料吸附分离放射性核素的研究进展

摘要

The special physical and chemical properties of inorganic nano-materials were described. Research development was reviewed in inorganic nano-materials including nanosized oxides, nanosized oxysalt, carbon nanotubes for adsorption and separation of radionuclide. It made some suggestion that highlighting research emphases of nano-materials such as improving stability and selection of pollutant load, modification and function-alization to product high performance nano-materials, taking some measures for economic and feasible methods to reduce cost of nano-materials, and gradually realize the materials industrialization, exploring mechanism of nano-material adsorption for radionuclide, evaluating efficiency and reliability of inano-material application by comparison with methods in use today to research radiation effect on structure stability of nano-adsorbent.%介绍了无机纳米材料特殊的理化性质,综述了纳米氧化物、纳米含氧酸盐和碳纳米管等无机纳米材料在放射性核素吸附分离中的研究进展.提出应对纳米材料进行负载、修饰或功能化研究,制备高性能的复合纳米材料,提高其稳定性和选择性；寻求更经济可行的制备方法,降低纳米材料的生产成本,逐步实现产业化；深入研究纳米材料对放射性核素的吸附机理；在辐射效应对纳米吸附剂的结构稳定性影响方面开展研究,并与现有方法作比较,评价其应用的有效性和可靠性.