截线抽样法广泛应用于鲸豚类动物的考察.通过文献调查并结合我们自己的研究工作,本文从考察设计、野外考察和数据分析三个方面分析了截线抽样法在我国水域应用时可能出现的问题.针对考察设计,提出了截线设计的建议.针对野外考察,主要从观察平台、人员配置、观察方法和记录方法几个方面提,建议.针对分析过程,介绍了使用R编程平台和Distance软件进行数据预处理和数据分析的简要过程.笔者期望本文的相关建议有助于促进我国鲸豚类考察方法的规范化.%Line transect methods are widely used in the surveys of cetaceans worldwide. Based on a literature survey and on our own experiences, we reviewed possible application problems in survey design, field survey, and data analysis stages of such kinds of surveys in Chinese waters. Thus, for survey design, relevant recommendations on transect design were proposed. For field surveys, suggestions were made on observation platforms, observer configurations, observation methods, and recording methods. For data analysis, we proposed processing procedures on preliminary treatment of data and line transect analysis based on R programming platform and Distance program. We hope this paper would facilitate the normalization of line transect surveys in China.
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