两换能器互易法校准高频水听器若干影响因素的研究

摘要

两换能器互易法由于将校准归结到若干电学量的测量,目前是校准高频水听器的主要方法之一.校准水听器过程中,在保证电学量测量精度的情况下,开展了诸多影响因素的研究,主要包括辅助换能器有效直径、声场中心对称性,水听器浸泡时间,水含氧量及衰减修正等引起的影响研究等.研究表明,在准确计算出衍射修正参数G1、平均效应修正参数G2的前提下,辅助换能器有效直径、衰减修正等引入的影响较大,而声场的非中心对称性、水听器浸泡时间及水含氧量带来的影响较小.结果表明,所建立的高频水听器校准装置,在0.5～15 MHz的频率范围内,校准结果与英国国家物理实验室的校准结果非常接近,结果准确可靠.%Two-transducer reciprocity method is one of the primary method for high-frequency hydrophone calibration because of its dependence only on electric quantities. Several factors are studied except the electric quantities, such as the effective radius of the auxiliary transducer, acoustic field symmetry, soaking time, oxygen content and attenuation correction. Experiment shows that, if the diffraction value G, and averaging factor G2 is calculated precisely, the effective radius and attenuation correction will introduce rather large uncertainties, the influence of field symmetry, soaking time and oxygen content can be neglected. Experiment data show that, the calibration results between 0.5 ～ 15 MHz are very close to the results of NPL by laser methods.