武汉市92所视力健康管理的中小学校学生视力低下状况动态监测

摘要

Objective To investigate the visual status of students among 92 schools with visual health-management in Wuhan through 3-year dynamic monitoring.Methods In total,92 primary and middle schools of Wuhan were selected to implement visual health management,including training teams of prevention and control of poor vision,health education,risk monitoring and early warning system among the whole population,comprehensive intervention,establishing visual health archives,and dynamic management.Uncorrected visual acuity of the students were detected.Results The standardized detectable rate of poor vision was 50.83%,51.53% and 49.13% from 2014 to 2016.In primary school,rate of poor vision was 39.62%,39.42% and 36.97% from 2014 to 2016,with significant difference(P<0.01).In junior school,rate of poor vision was 77.75%,80.60% and 78.32% from 2014 to 2016,with significant difference(P<0.01).Conclusion The detectable rate of poor vision is decreased in the schools with visual health-management,indicating implementing visual health management could reverse the upward trend of poor vision.%目的 通过对武汉市92所实施视力健康管理的中小学校学生视力状况进行连续3学年的动态监测,了解学生视力低下状况及变化趋势.方法 选择武汉市92所中小学校实施学生视力健康管理,包括培训防控队伍,开展健康教育,实施全人群监测预警、综合干预、建立档案、动态管理.检测学生的裸眼视力低下状况.结果 视力低下检出率:2014~2016学年总体的标准化视力低下率分别是:50.83%、51.53%和49.13%.小学阶段3个学年的视力低下检出率逐年下降,由39.62%、39.42%下降到36.97%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).初中阶段3个学年的视力低下检出率分别是:77.75%,80.60%,78.32%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 实施视力健康管理的学校,学生的视力低下检出率和视力低下发展速度呈现下降的趋势,学生视力不良状况得到遏制并呈现下降的趋势.