Department of Geotechnical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092, China;
Department of Civil Engineering,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo 1138656, Japan;
Department of Civil Engineering,The University of Tokyo,Tokyo 1138656, Japan;
Department of Geotechnical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092, China;
Sand. Energy-based. Hardening and softening.Elasto-plastic model . Stress-strain relation;