小菜蛾生物学特性及防治研究进展

摘要

小菜蛾是一种为害十字花科蔬菜的重要害虫,在全世界范围内均有分布.一旦暴发,如果防治不到位,极有可能造成绝收.随着杀虫剂的大量使用,小菜蛾对多种杀虫剂产生了抗药性,包括一些效果较好的微生物杀虫剂.为了更好地控制小菜蛾,国内外学者将苏云金杆菌基因转入蔬菜中,研究转基因蔬菜对小菜蛾的控制效果.为了更好地了解小菜蛾的发生特点和危害规律,采用更科学的防治方法,从小菜蛾的分类地位、危害寄主、为害特征、国内外分布、抗药性情况、综合防控技术以及分子生物学研究等方面进行了综述.%The diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera:Plutellidae),is the most damaging insect pest on cruciferous crops worldwide.Mesophyll can be eaten up,and only leaf vein left when the larvae of P.xylostella break out.This insect,however,can develop resistance against many insecticides including microbial insecticides along with the abusement of insecticides.One or two Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes have been introduced into the cruciferous vegetable's genome to counteract P.xylostella.To better understand the characteristics of occurrence and rules of damage of P.xylostella and make scientific measures,taxonomic status,host,damage characteristics,distribution in the world,resistance against insecticides,integrated pest management,and molecular biology of P.xylostella are reviewed in this paper.