采用外观解剖观察和组织学方法,对克氏原螯虾雌性的生殖系统发育及组织结构进行了研究.结果表明:克氏原螯虾的雌性生殖系统由卵巢、输卵管组成,卵巢呈"Y"型;卵巢发育早期分布有卵室,分化生殖卵原细胞.卵子发生经历卵原细胞、卵黄合成前卵母细胞、卵黄合成期卵母细胞及成熟期卵母细胞4个时相;克氏原螯虾卵巢发育期可分为Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期(又分为早、中、晚期)、Ⅳ期、Ⅴ期5个时期.卵质内含有滑面内质网、致密小颗粒物质、线粒体,参与卵黄颗粒的合成.将卵巢呈黑色、卵黄充满卵母细胞、细胞核消失、卵母细胞与滤泡细胞分离等特征作为克氏原螯虾成熟的标志.克氏原螯虾个体性腺发育不同步,每年产卵1次,群体每年存在两个产卵高峰期,一个在9~10月份,另一个在4~5月份.%The development of female reproductive system and histological structure of Procambarus clarkii were studied by u-sing appearance anatomic observation and histological method. The results showed that the female reproductive system of P. clarkii consisted of ovaries and oviduct, and ovaries were Y-shaped. Egg chambers were distributed in ovaries at their earlier develop-ment stage, and the oocytes were reproduced in egg chamber. The oogenesis experienced the following four phases: oogoniums, pre-yolk-synthesis oocytes,yolk-synthesis oocytes,and mature oocytes. The ovary development of P. clarkii could be divided in-to five stages: stageⅠ,stageⅡ,stageⅢ(including early stage,middle stage,and later stage),stageⅣ,and stageⅤ. The ooplasms contained smooth endoplasmic reticulum, dense small-particulate matter and mitochondria, which were involved in the synthesis of yolk granules. The characteristics of black ovaries,filling oocytes with egg yolks,nucleus disappearing,and oocyte-follicular cell separation were used as the mature signs of this crayfish. The gonadal development of P. clarkii individuals was not synchronized, they spawned once a year, and the population had two spawning peak periods each year: from September to Octo-ber, and from April to May.
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