通过田间试验,研究了农民习惯施肥、优化施肥以及普通尿素和控释尿素在不同配比条件下对冬小麦茎蘖动态、冬小麦产量、土壤硝态氮动态和氮素平衡等影响.试验共设7个处理,分别是对照(CK)、农民习惯施肥(Ncon)、优化施肥(Nopt)、控释尿素(100％)(CRU1)、普通尿素(33.3％)+控释尿素(66.7％) (CRU2)、普通尿素(66.7％)+控释尿素( 33.3％) (CRU3)和普通尿素(100％) (CRU4).试验结果表明:2个生长季内,各施肥处理之间冬小麦群体动态没有显著差异,施用控释肥也并没有显著降低土壤硝态氮含量.尽管施氮处理之间冬小麦产量没有显著差异,但CRU2处理的产量、氮肥利用效率(RE)、农学效率(AE)和偏生产力(PP)略优于其他处理.因此,控释尿素和普通尿素配合施用(比例为2∶1)仍然是一种较佳的施肥方法.%This conducted field experiment was to examine the effects of N managements of conventional, optimized and the combination of urea and control released urea on winter wheat stem tillers, yield, soil N03"-N dynamic and nitrogen balance. Seven treatments including control ( CK) .conventional N ( Neon) ,optimized N ( Nopt) .control released urea( 100% ) ( CRU1 ) ,urea( 33. 3% ) + control released urea(66. 7% ) ( CRU2) , urea(66. 7% ) + control released urea(33.3% ) (CRU3) and urea (100% )(CRU4) were conducted.lt shows that during the two winter wheat seasons, although no significant difference on the amount of tillers among different N treatments were I-dentified and no significant impact on the reduction of soil nitrate accumulation by applying control released urea in combination with urea was found, through this study, slightly higher yields, nitrogen recovery ( RE ) , agronomic efficiency (AE) and partial productivity (PP) in the treatment of CRU2 ( ratio of urea to control released urea 2=1) were obtained, indicating it a relative better nitrogen management practice.
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