衡观35广适基因对冬春小麦杂种优势利用初探

摘要

This paper analyzed the effect of broad compatibility genes of Hengguan 35 on hybrid F1in winter and spring wheat,which could provide theoretical basis for directional molecular breeding of winter spring type wheat.F1was applied by Hengguan 35 and 145 water saving spring wheat materials,and the effects of different dwarf genes,vernalization genes and photoperiod insensitive genes on F1were determined by molecular markers.The results showed that the spring wheat materials didn′t have Rht1 and Rht2 genes,while 16 materials had Rht8 gene. Hengguan 35 with dwarf genes (Rht1,Rht2,Rht8 ) and spring wheat (Rht8) made the most obvious effect on the height reduction of hybrid F1with 25.5%.Hengguan 35 with the recessive vernalization genes(vrn-A1 and vrn-B1) and spring wheat (vrn-A1) made the average winter survival rate of hybrid F1increased to 73.3%.Hengguan 35 with the photoperiod insensitive gene(Ppd-D1a) and spring wheat(Ppd-D1a) made the mature date of the hybrid F1advanced by 11 days.The results can be used as a reference for the selection of parents with strong heterosis in winter spring wheat hybrids,and provide a theoretical basis for the directional breeding of hybrid wheat with wide a-daptability,high yield and water saving.%分析衡观35广适基因对冬春麦杂交F1影响,可为冬春杂交小麦定向分子育种提供理论依据.利用广适节水小麦品种衡观35与145份节水春麦材料杂交配制F1,用相关分子标记测定不同矮秆基因、春化基因和光周期不敏感基因对F1影响.结果表明,测试春小麦材料不具有Rht1和Rht2基因,有Rht8矮秆基因的16份,具有矮秆基因(Rht1、Rht2、Rht8)的衡观35与携带Rht8矮秆基因的春小麦材料杂交F1降秆作用最明显,达25.5%.具有隐性春化基因(vrn-A1和vrn-B1)的衡观35与携带vrn-A1基因的春麦材料后代抗寒性强,平均冬季存活率达73.3%.具有光周期不敏感基因(Ppd-D1a)的衡观35与携带光周期不敏感基因(Ppd-D1a)的春小麦杂交F1成熟期比春小麦亲本平均提前11 d.这一结果可作为冬春杂交小麦强优势组合亲本选取的分子参考依据,为定向培育广适、高产、节水的杂种小麦提供理论基础.