解草酮对高粱精异丙甲草胺药害缓解作用研究

摘要

为研究高粱田精异丙甲草胺安全剂的使用技术,在室内盆栽条件下,研究解草酮对高粱精异丙甲草胺药害的缓解作用.结果表明:解草酮20 g/kg种子处理可使精异丙甲草胺300～1 200 g/hm2对高粱株高抑制率降低38.28％～67.50％,随着除草剂使用剂量加大,解草酮的缓解作用逐渐降低.解草酮1.25～20g/kg种子处理,能够使精异丙甲草胺1 800 g/hm2对高粱株高抑制作用降低40.14％～46.37％,解草酮处理剂量改变,其缓解效果变化并不显著.进一步研究表明,解草酮1 g/kg种子处理可显著提高高粱对精异丙甲草胺的耐药性,精异丙甲草胺对高粱株高和鲜质量抑制中剂量(ED5.值)分别提高32.06、35.17倍.对不同高粱品种进行测定表明,解草酮1 g/kg种子处理对不同高粱品种保护效果差异较大,对‘绿宝甜一黄河,和‘龙杂13’等高粱品种保护效果较好,对‘沈杂5“龙杂5“龙杂10“龙杂11,等品种保护效果较差.以上研究表明,解草酮种子处理能够有效提高部分高粱品种对精异丙甲草胺的耐药性,降低精异丙甲草胺药害风险.%To study the application technology of s metolachlor in sorghum field,the alleviation effect of benoxacor on phytotoxicity of s-metolachlor was investigated in potted seedlings indoor.The results showed that 20 g/kg benoxacor seeds-treatment reduced the inhibition rate of plant height,ranging from 38.28 ％ to 67.51％ which depending on the dosage of s-metolachlor from 300 g/hm2 to 1 800 g/hm2.However,the alleviation effect decreased with the increase of s-metolachlor application.The decrease of inhibition was about 40.14％-46.37％ in the seed treatment with 1.25 g/kg-20 g/kg benoxacor,which indicated that the dosage effect of benoxacor was limited for the alleviating effect.Further study showed that the median inhibited effective dose(ED50) of s-metolachlor by seeds pretreated with 1 g/kg benoxacor was 32.06,35.17 times higher than the ED50 of herbicide control to the height,mass of sorghum seedlings,respectively.Seeds-treated with 1 g/kg benoxacor give different protection effect on different sorghum cultivars,well effect were detected in'Lübao sweet''Yellow river',and'Longza No.13'sorghum,while non effect were detected in'Shenza No.5''Longza No.5''Longza No.10''Longza No.11'etc.sorghum cultivars.This study revealed that benoxacor could effectively enhance the resistance of sorghum seedlings to s-metolachlor and reduce the phytotoxicity risk.