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Landscape transitions in string theory flux vacua.

机译:弦论通量真空中的景观过渡。

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摘要

We are led to believe that our current vacuum may be reached from compactifying critical string theory in ten dimensions down to four. Problematic are the large set of deformation---the moduli---of the 6 dimensional compactification that are degenerate in energy. Different values of the moduli translate to different properties of the 4 dimensional physics. If there is nothing that determines one value versus another, there can be no sensible 4 dimensional state with the presently observed properties. This is the well known moduli problem, and there are potentially many ways to deal with this. In recent history, flux compactifications have gained serious attention.;Flux compactifications pro-port to stabilize moduli and produce viable 4 dimensional cosmologies by introducing background fluxes in the compactification geometry. These considerations do not isolate one vacuum, rather they produce a tremendous set of metastable vacua---the landscape---and it is not understood what selects a given vacuum from another. Observing that states may tunnel between minima of the flux landscape when a given flux decays offers a potentially new way to understand vacuum selection.;We investigate model landscapes and cosmologies which capture some of the features of candidate flux landscapes. We argue that the vast majority of flux vacua with small cosmological constant are unstable to rapid decay to a big crunch. Exceptions are states with large compactification volume and supersymmetric and approximately supersymmetric states.;Utilizing these observations we then ask a different question: are there features of a given compactification that act as attractors during tunneling flow? Obvious candidates are states which exhibit symmetries, in particular discrete symmetries. Though these points are rare in the landscape, an order one fraction of states may surround these points. Starting in a vicinity about these points we study whether the tunneling flow tends towards or away from the symmetric point. We find that only when the symmetry is also a discrete R-symmetry is there a preference to decay towards the symmetric state. As R-symmetric states have vanishing vacuum energy this might offer a clue as to the smallness of the observed cosmological constant.
机译:我们被认为可以从将关键弦理论压缩到十维到四维来达到我们当前的真空度。问题在于能量退化的6维压实的大量变形-模量-。模量的不同值转换为4维物理的不同属性。如果没有什么可以确定一个值与另一个值,那么就不会有具有目前观察到的特性的明智的4维状态。这是众所周知的模数问题,可能有许多方法可以解决此问题。在最近的历史中,助焊剂的致密化受到了广泛的关注。助焊剂的致密化通过在致密化几何结构中引入背景助熔剂来稳定模量并产生可行的4维宇宙学。这些考虑并不能隔离一个真空,而是会产生大量的亚稳态真空-景观-并且不知道是从另一个真空中选择给定真空的原因。观察到当给定通量衰减时,状态可能在通量景观的最小值之间隧穿,这为理解真空选择提供了一种潜在的新方法。我们研究了捕获了候选通量景观的某些特征的模型景观和宇宙学。我们认为,具有小宇宙学常数的通量真空绝大部分都不稳定,无法迅速衰减到很大的收缩。例外是具有大压实量的状态以及超对称和近似超对称状态。利用这些观察,我们然后提出一个不同的问题:给定压实的特征是否在隧道流动期间充当吸引子?明显的候选者是表现出对称性,特别是离散对称性的状态。尽管这些点在景观中很少见,但是状态的一小部分可能围绕这些点。从这些点附近开始,我们研究隧道流量是趋向于还是远离对称点。我们发现只有当对称性也是离散的R对称性时,才倾向于朝对称状态衰减。由于R对称态具有消失的真空能,这可能为所观察到的宇宙常数很小提供了线索。

著录项

  • 作者

    Morisse, Alexander Marcel.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Santa Cruz.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Santa Cruz.;
  • 学科 Physics Theory.;Physics Elementary Particles and High Energy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 206 p.
  • 总页数 206
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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