Sacramento Valley Integrated Reservoir Optimization Model: Flood Control Linear Program.

摘要

The Sacramento Valley Integrated Reservoir Optimization Model is a spreadsheet based optimization model that determines the releases from five reservoirs in Northern California based on input hydrographs and penalty functions for excessive downstream flows, reservoir storage and ramping. The formulation and constraints of the hydrodynamic model are outlined. The Sacramento Valley Integrated Reservoir Optimization Model is applied using inflow hydrograph data from the 1986, 1995 and 1997 floods to produce optimal releases from Shasta, Black Butte, Oroville, New Bullards Bar and Folsom reservoirs. The Shasta, Black Butte, Oroville and New Bullards Bar Reservoirs synchronize and alternate releases to minimize the combined peak flow downstream at the Fremont Weir. Folsom reservoir acts more independently and makes releases before and after peak upstream flows to use the downstream channel capacity efficiently. Releases depend on the travel time to river convergences and the flows accumulated from local runoff in addition to the penalty functions. The Sacramento Valley Integrated Reservoir Optimization Model results are compared with those of two previously constructed models, the Flood Control Optimization model and Hydrologic Engineering Center's ResSIM. Later when weir diversions are optimized, the flood control linear program improves performance by routing flood waves through the bypass systems more efficiently, which allows for greater releases and shifts the locations where flow penalties are accumulated. The analysis suggests that increased channel and diversion capacities at the Fremont Weir would most effectively improve the system.