Novel Technique of Fabrication of Porous Copper and Copper Oxide to Improve the Lithium Ion Battery Performance

摘要

Due to widespread and long-term application, Lithium-ion batteries are considered as promising power sources for portable devices, satellites, medical instruments, computers, electric vehicles and grid application. It started to occupy the market once Sony commercialized in 1991. Rechargeable lithium ion batteries drawing people attention due to their peculiar properties such as high energy density and low self-discharge compared to other alkali metals. However, these widespread and long-term applications still require better batteries in terms of performance, safety and cost, which can be achieved by better utilization of anode materials and/or an optimized design of battery configuration. There are several challenges in improving the battery performance, safety and to reduce the cost. The goal of this work was to design a high-performance battery with fabricating porous current collector and copper oxide.;Current collector are essential features of batteries and being responsible for efficient charge transport to active electrode materials. In this study, a chemically treated high surface area, three-dimensional copper current collectors considerable improve the anodic performance of a batteries, by means of enhance in specific capacity and control over the fast decay. The electron transfers rapidly at the junction of the metal foam, the active material, and the electrolyte which increase the rate of redox reaction. On the other hand, the transfer of electron relatively slowly between foil current collector and the electrolyte surface of the active material. Impedance analysis also reveals that the charge transfer resistance is lower in porous copper current collector than the non-porous one. Unique properties of porous copper current collector improve the first discharge specific capacity of Li2Ti5O12 (LTO) from 168.5 mAhg-1 to 235.8 mAhg-1 in comparison with the non-porous copper current collector. Moreover, fabrication of binder-free copper oxide on top of porous copper can open new window to the battery research.