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A new lower bound on the number of ternary squarefree words.

机译:三进制squarefree单词数的新下限。

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摘要

Let sn be the number of strings consisting of the digits 0, 1, and 2 such that no substring is a square (a string concatenated with itself, e.g. 11 1212 102102 ...). We say sn is the number of squarefree words of length n over the ternary alphabet. Conjecturally, sn grows exponentially at a rate of about 1:317277n, the rate suggested by computational evidence. While known upper bounds are already relatively close to the conjectured rate, effective lower bounds are much more difficult to obtain. The best known lower bounds for sn, which are also exponential in n, have been obtained using what are known as Brinkhuis triple pairs. The task of finding Brinkhuis triple pairs is equivalent to the maximum hyperclique problem, which is NP-complete. However, clever heuristics can aid in algorithm development to give approximate solutions. Two algorithms are presented which give both random and deterministic solutions to this problem. Hypergraphs of high uniformity are great candidates for a randomized clique search. Additionally, a fast deterministic algorithm of linear complexity is developed which enables the discovery of a new lower bound on the asymptotic growth rate of the ternary squarefree numbers. The new lower bound on the number of n-letter ternary squarefree words is presented: 952n/53 &ap 1.1381531n, which improves the previous best result of 110n/42 &ap 1.1184191 n due to Xinyu Sun (2003).
机译:令sn为由数字0、1和2组成的字符串的数量,以使子字符串不是正方形(与其自身串联的字符串,例如11 1212 102102 ...)。我们说sn是三进制字母上长度为n的无平方单词的数量。推测上,sn以大约1:317277n的速率指数增长,该速率是计算证据表明的。尽管已知的上限已经相对接近推测的比率,但是有效的下限却很难获得。 sn的最著名下界(在n中也呈指数形式)已使用所谓的Brinkhuis三对对获得。查找Brinkhuis三对对的任务等效于最大的超爬坡问题,它是NP完全的。但是,聪明的启发法可以帮助算法开发以给出近似解。提出了两种算法,可以为该问题提供随机和确定性解决方案。高均匀度的超图是随机集团搜索的理想选择。另外,开发了一种线性复杂性的快速确定性算法,该算法使得能够发现三进制无平方数的渐近增长率的新下界。给出了n个字母三进制无方单词数量的新下限:952n / 53&ap 1.1381531n,这改善了先前的最佳结果110n / 42&ap 1.1184191 n,这是由Xinxin Sun(2003)提出的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sollami, Michael R.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Wyoming.;

  • 授予单位 University of Wyoming.;
  • 学科 Mathematics.Computer Science.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 60 p.
  • 总页数 60
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:37:48

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